Bobby Sands and the troubles in Northern Ireland (until 1998)
- Découvrir une figure historique : Bobby Sands.
- Découvrir une période historique de l'histoire d'Irlande.
- Pendant des siècles, l'Angleterre et l'Irlande furent en conflit, cette dernière désirant son indépendance.
- La partition de l'Irlande fut décidée par un accord signé en 1921 : si les 6 comtés du nord restent sous domination anglaise, le reste du pays gagne enfin son indépendance.
- Cette situation créa des tensions en Irlande du Nord entre la communauté protestante pro-Royaume-Uni et la communauté catholique républicaine et indépendantiste.
- Bobby Sands, membre de l'IRA, fut emprisonné pour 14 ans malgré l'absence de preuves. C'est pourquoi il entama une grève de la faim en prison, en 1981.
Bobby Sands was 27
when, on 1st March 1981, he started his hunger strike at
the Maze prison in Belfast.
The historic context in Ireland was complex in this time.
The Irish and the English had been at war for centuries
about the independence of Ireland when, in 1921, an
agreement which decided the partition of Ireland was
signed. Only 6 counties in the north remained under
English domination while the rest of the country was
independent, at last. It was the only solution that the
Irish were offered and they accepted it.
Northern Ireland was now shared
between two communities:
- the Protestant and
Unionists who wanted to be part of the United
Kingdom,
- and the Catholics and
Republicans who wished they would one day be
considered as Irish, not as British.
Why did Bobby Sands end up in jail and why did he decide
with his companions a hunger strike?
Bobby Sands was a member of the
IRA who was arrested by the police in 1977
because he had a gun in
his possession. He was accused of committing
an offense but as there was no evidence, the charges
against him were dropped. Yet, he was
sentenced to fourteen
years of imprisonment since he was
considered as a dangerous
criminal by the British government. He was one
of the main activists in his community and he was less
dangerous in prison than outside.
- IRA
- Bloody sunday
- hunger strike
a hunger
strike: une grève de la faim
watchwords:
mots d'ordre
guilt:
coupable
to hang
over: s'accrocher
partition:
division
to deal
with: traiter de, avoir affaire
à
army
paratroopers: les parachutistes de
l'armée
to shoot dead
somebody: abattre quelqu'un
campaigns of
retaliation: des campagnes de
représailles
withdraw:
retrait
evidence:
preuve
the charge against him were
dropped: les charges retenues contre lui
ont été abandonnées
a trick: un
tour
to not keep your
word: ne pas tenir sa parole
fulfilled:
réalisé, exaucé
MP (member of
parliement): membre du parlement
the grave:
la tombe
to breathe the scent of
peace: respirer le parfum de la paix
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